5/3/2015 · Partial factor, PF, is used to reflect this, and the final T p can be calculated as follows: (10) P F = N 4 + N 3 + N 2 + N 1 T o t a l n u m b e r o f p i l e s T p = P F · T p 1 where, N 4, N 3, N 2, or N 1 represents the number of piles surrounded by four, three, two